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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD, and appear to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. They are not able to solve the problem and can only manage symptoms if used regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication may include a change in heart rate and blood pressure as well as upset stomach anxiety and tics. Certain teens and children who take stimulant medications notice a slight slowing in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant and the most commonly used drug for treating ADHD. It is available in a variety of forms, including a liquid chewable tablet as well as an oral disintegrating tablet that acts long and has an extended release. The drug works by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help to increase concentration. It may also reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. When coupled with other treatments, like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate can be a very effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate is a drug that blocks transporters that normally remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The medication can cause a slight increase in blood pressure and heart rate. It can also cause an abrupt change in blood sugar levels, which is why people with diabetes should be aware when taking this medication. Speak to your doctor when you notice any of these signs. Methylphenidate may also cause Raynaud’s phenomenon, which causes numbness of the feet and fingers. This is a rare side effect, but it is important to inform your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms. There are some who believe that methylphenidate could slow the growth of children. However this hasn't been proven. If you have a child receiving treatment with methylphenidate be sure to keep track of the child's height and weight closely. If your child takes tablets containing methylphenidate and phenylalanine is present, it could pose a risk for children suffering from phenylketonuria. If you suffer from PKU, consult your doctor about the different formulations of methylphenidate. Stimulants are considered the first-choice medication for treating ADHD however, some people have trouble with these medications. In these cases, doctors may prescribe other medications that function in a similar way. In addition to methylphenidate, there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and the lisdexamfetamine. These substances can last longer and are stronger than methylphenidate. They are typically taken between two and three times a day however some people may take them more frequently. Psychological treatments are also available to treat ADHD however, they are less likely to be helpful than a stimulant. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a non-stimulant ADHD drug that boosts concentration, while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It belongs to a category called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. It works by increasing levels of norepinephrine and dopamine two chemical messengers that regulate brain's activity. It is a popular option for adults and children who want a different type of medication than stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to remember that atomoxetine doesn't work immediately, and it may take up to six weeks for the effects of the medication to be evident. In addition, you may experience side-effects such as diminished appetite, drowsiness and stomach upset. However the benefits of atomoxetine outweigh the risks for a majority of patients. The efficacy of atomoxetine was confirmed in a multisite double-blind placebo-controlled trial with 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. The participants were randomized to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg, or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group and the placebo group experienced reduction in depression symptoms. The atomoxetine group experienced more improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However the improvement was only modest (Michelson et al 2001). In a follow-up open trial in a second open trial, 10 ADHD patients who did not respond to stimulants were treated with an atomoxetine treatment over 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. One patient however, experienced a rash and withdrew from the study. Three patients also reported temporary gastrointestinal symptoms, and one complained of increased fatigue. Before you begin treatment with atomoxetine, talk with your physician about your health history as well as any other supplements or medications that you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over the counter medications. Inform your doctor whether any of the following conditions are present: narrow-angle glaucoma; a thyroid or adrenal gland tumor and high blood pressure heart disease or a history sudden death. You should also be wary of atomoxetine in the event that you have taken an MAO inhibitor, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid or methylene blue injection rasagiline or phenelzine, as well as tranylcypromine in the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion, a nonstimulant, can help to improve ADHD symptoms. It also helps reduce impulsivity and increase focus, although it does not affect the brain in the same way as stimulants do. add medication uk 's only available with a prescription. Your doctor will decide on the most effective dosage for you. Bupropion is available in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is essential to take the medication exactly as prescribed. If you stop taking it suddenly you could experience withdrawal symptoms. It's typically taken two or three times a day with a gap of 4-6 hours between each dose. The dosage can range from 100mg two or three times per day to 150mg four or three times each day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract and eliminated into urine, which means that it cannot be absorbed into breast milk. It can, however, be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, which is why it's important to monitor it frequently. In addition to improving the symptoms of ADHD Bupropion can also reduce depression. It also helps treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors inside your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine, from reaching your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other drugs It's therefore important to tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It is important to inform your doctor know that you are suffering from any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants as they can make side effects worse. In several studies in a variety of studies, bupropion was compared with placebos for adults with ADHD. These studies had mixed results, and many were poorly conducted. Many of these studies did not include patients with psychiatric co-morbidity. However, the research suggests that bupropion has a modest effect on ADHD. Further research is needed to determine positive outcomes for patients, such as the improvement in their quality of living. Before effective treatments can be created it is essential to gain a better understanding of the molecular types of ADHD. This is a greater understanding of the relationship between molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to understand how different anti-ADHD drugs work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants If the stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD aren't effective or cause undesirable side effects, the doctor may turn to antidepressants as a treatment. These drugs, which include imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), are effective in boosting the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which aid in concentration. These are older drugs which can cause serious side effects, so they're typically only considered after other medications have failed. The first choice of antidepressant for depression is usually a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine sertraline, citalopram or escitalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants continue to be used in certain cases, despite their long history. These drugs are effective in treating neuropathic pain and other conditions however their antidepressant effect is not the same. They potentiate the noradrenephrine receptor, by preventing its reuptake, and they also act as descending modulators for pain pathways in spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have less adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. Additionally, they're safe during pregnancy and aren't teratogenic in animals or humans. However, they can cause significant withdrawal symptoms if they are stopped abruptly. Your doctor may suggest slowly lowering the dose over several weeks to minimize these effects. Although not officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant that is off-label for ADHD. It's thought to increase the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine that are found in the brain to improve concentration. It is also believed to ease anxiety, and it can be combined with stimulants to achieve more rapid and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved nonstimulant ADHD medications, however many people experience relief from dietary supplements and herbal remedies. A diet low in sugar and fat can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. In the same way, removing caffeine can be beneficial to some people. It is essential to inform your doctor about all medications your child or you takes, including over-the-counter medications and herbal remedies. This will avoid interactions and reduce unwanted adverse effects. ADHD medication can affect each person differently, which is why it's often a trial and error to discover the right drug and dosage for your child or you.